Saeed Nasiry - Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra Ameli - Department of Social Sciences, School of Letters and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: The negative impacts of the Coronavirus Disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹)outbreak on public mental health are enhancing the number of individuals requiring psychotherapy. Besides, anxiety is becoming more frequent than any other mental health issue among individuals. Similar to other anxiety types, coronavirus anxiety is associated with elevated attentional bias. The present study aimed to examine the effects of Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) on attentional bias towards coronavirus-related stimuli, and coronavirus anxiety. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest-follow-up and a control group design. The research participants were ۳۷ adults (aged ۱۸ to ۳۸ y), who were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=۱۸) and control (n=۱۹) groups. The experimental group received ABM, while no intervention was delivered to the controls. Attentional bias and coronavirus disease anxiety were assessed at pretest, posttest, and ۲ months follow-up stages using the Dot-Probe Task (DPT) and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS). The collected data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Fisher’s least significant difference in SPSS v. ۲۶. Results: After receiving online ABM, the study participant’s coronavirus-related attentional bias decreased, leading to a significant reduction in coronavirus anxiety (P<۰.۰۵). These significant changes were evident at the posttest and maintained until the follow-up step. However, no significant changes occurred in the control group (P>۰.۰۵). Conclusion: The presented ABM could decrease coronavirus anxiety; thus, its online implementation is a suitable approach to treat individuals with this anxiety while observing social distancing.

Attentional Bias Modification, Coronavirus anxiety, Covid-۱۹, Dot-Probe task