Mahsa Fadavi-Ghaffari - Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Akram Azad - Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilition Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
Ghorban Taghizade - Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilition Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
Noureddin Nakhostin-Ansari - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilition Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hooman Shariatzadeh - Department of Orthopedy, Bone and Joint, Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sina Aminizadeh - Department of Orthopedic Specialist, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: It is essential to have a suitable instrument for the accurate assessments of pain and disability outcomes during interventions; such tools also help to guide hand surgery and rehabilitation programs in distal radius or scaphoid fracture. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric features of the Patient-rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire in Iranians with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures. Methods: One hundred and fifty subjects with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures were recruited from hospital-based outpatient hand clinics and completed the PRWE, ۲ and ۷ days after the occurrence of fracture. Additionally, the Quick-Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH), the percentage of Wrist Range of Motion (%ROM), Visual Analog Scale Pain/Disability (VAS-P, VAS-D), Short-form Health Survey (SF-۳۶) questionnaires, and pinch and grip strength (%) were conducted in the study participants. Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the scale, respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated for assessing the test’s construct validity. Results: No floor or ceiling effect was found. A very high test-retest reliability was obtained for the PRWE’s total score and subscores (ICC≥۰.۹۲). Cronbach’s α coefficient was obtained as ≥۰.۷۸ for the PRWE and its subscales. The PRWE total score presented a weak to strong (۰.۲۴-۰.۷۴) correlation with the average values of %ROM, %power grip, %pinch strength, VAS-P, VAS-D, SF-۳۶, and Quick-DASH. The standard error of the measurement of PRWE total score equaled ۳.۹۳; its smallest real difference was ۱۰.۸۶.  Discussion: The PRWE presented acceptable validity and excellent reliability for measuring disability and pain in individuals with the scaphoid and distal radius fractures in Iran.

Disability evaluation, Fracture, Pain, Validation, Wrist