Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kamran Ezzati - Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of medicine, Poorsina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Saemeh Khani - Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of medicine, Poorsina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Javad Sarrafzadeh - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abbas Tabatabaei - Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: Dry Needling (DN) is a novel and effective intervention for patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS). Some characteristics, such as needle penetration depth, needle insertion into the target muscle, and trigger points must be identified in this intervention. The Ultrasound (US)-guided DN is a technique that involves needle insertion at the site of injury and the simulation of tissue injury and inflammation under US guidance; it indicates the needle insertion site to ensure that it does not penetrate the adjacent tissues. The current study aimed to review previous studies regarding the effects of US-guided DN on MPS. Methods: A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Springer, and Science Direct databases to retrieve studies published from ۲۰۱۰ to March ۲۰۲۰. We included investigations regarding the effects of US-guided DN on the treatment of MPS. The following keywords and MeSH terms were used in the search process: “ultrasound-guided, musculoskeletal ultrasonography, myofascial pain syndrome, trigger points, and dry needling.”  Results: A total of ۴۷ relevant articles were retrieved. However, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the review, ۱۱ articles were finally selected. All studies reported significant pain relief following the use of US-guided DN in patients with MPS. Discussion: Considering the precise visualization of the site of muscle involvement, precise needle insertion, and reduction of the risk of further injury in US-guided DN may be a useful approach for MPS management in short-term and long-term studies.

Ultrasound-guided, Ultrasonography, Dry needling, Trigger points, Musculoskeletal pain, Myofascial pain syndrome