Majid Zarei - Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fereshte Momeni - Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Parvaneh Mohammadkhani - Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: Cognitive flexibility, shame, and emotion regulation difficulties are considered potential mediating factors that may explain the relationship between neuroticism and depression severity. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of cognitive flexibility, shame and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between neuroticism and depression among university students. Methods: A total of ۲۷۱ students (۱۰۲ males and ۱۶۹ females) were selected by cluster random sampling from University of Tehran, Allameh Tabataba’i University, and Iran University of Science & Technology. Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), Test of Self-Conscious Affect-۲ (TOSCA-۲), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), NEO Five-Factor Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to collect the data. Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and path analysis were applied for data analysis. Results: It was found that neuroticism was significantly associated with depression and all three mediators (P<۰.۰۰۰۱). Neuroticism by means of emotion dysregulation was the only significant indirect effect on depression (P<۰.۰۰۰۱). First total mediation model had a poor fit to the data, CMIN=۸۷, P<۰.۰۰۰۱, CMIN/df=۲۱.۷۵, CFI=۸۲, RMSEA=۲۸. Discussion: These findings suggest that for student depression, emotion dysregulation might be important and future intervention works can examine the effects of targeting emotion dysregulation among university students with high levels of neuroticism and/or depression.

Psychopathology, Depression, Neuroticism