S Zuhair Abdul-Majeed Alkhwaja - College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
B Jabir Edan - College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
Z Raad Muhi - College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

Subfertility significantly affects couples and their families and challenges obstetrics and gynecologists with long-term treatment. Leptin has been widely studied in different types of infertility. However, the results of previous studies are contradictory and the role of leptin is still debated in the reproductive process. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum leptin concentration and some reproductive hormones and endometrial thickness in women with primary subfertility. The present case-control study was conducted from December ۲۰۲۰ to July ۲۰۲۱. A total of ۱۰۰ women with primary subfertility and ۱۰۰ fertile women participated in this study as a control group. Blood samples were collected and ultrasonography examinations were performed on all patients. The recorded data indicated that the mean leptin level was higher in women with subfertility compared to that of the control group, ۲۶.۸±۱۵.۲ ng/mL and ۶.۴±۲.۳ ng/mL, respectively (P<۰.۰۰۱). Leptin level significantly increased with a higher body mass index (P<۰.۰۰۱). Leptin at a level of ۱۱ ng/ml or higher is a significant predictor of infertility (odds ratio=۲.۷۹۳). Leptin levels showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ۹۶%, ۹۸%, and ۹۶.۹%, respectively as predictors of subfertility. As a result, a high leptin level was a strong and valid predictor of subfertility.

Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Leptin, Pathogenesis, Subfertilit