E Mohammed Jasim - Medical Microbiology Department, Medical College, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
S Khudhur Jameel - Medical Microbiology Department, Medical College, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
N Ihsan Awadh - Medical City Complex, Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Baghdad, Iraq

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition characterized by persistent inflammation in synovial joints. Interleukine-۳۲ (IL۳۲) is known to have significant pro-inflammatory effects in RA, and IL۳۷ is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that reduces the immune response and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate serum levels of IL۳۲ and IL۷۳ in RA patients. The sample included ۵۰ patients (۴۶ females and four males) with RA and ۴۰ healthy controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected serum levels of IL۳۲ and IL۳۷. The disease parameters’ activity was measured by the clinical disease activity index, and the Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was measured by the Westergren method. Moreover, C-Reactive protein, Rheumatoid factor, and Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide antibodies were measured using the ELISA. The results showed elevated serum levels of IL۳۲ and IL۳۷ in patients with RA (P<۰.۰۵). The mean duration of RA in most patients was <۱۲ years, and the level of disease activity among the cases group was mainly moderate (۷۰%). There was no significant difference between the mean levels of IL۳۲ and IL۳۷ in patients with RA. This study showed that although IL۳۲ and IL۳۷ played an essential role in RA pathogenesis, there was no significant correlation between serum levels of IL۳۲ and IL۳۷ and disease duration or activity.

Cytokines, IL۳۲, IL۳۷, Pro-inflammatory cytokine, Rheumatoid arthritis