M Kadhem Mallakh - Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ashur University College, Baghdad, Iraq
M Mohammed Mahmood - Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
S Hasan Mohammed Ali - Clinical Communicable Diseases Research Unit, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

Cancer of the colon (colorectal cancer, or CRC) is the third most frequent malignancy in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Recent research has focused on the link between high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the onset/development of several different types of cancer in humans. As a result, scientists are now paying more attention to HPV and CRC. In a variety of malignant tumors, P۶۳ is overexpressed. This includes non-Hodgkin lymphoma and breast carcinoma, as well as lung, bladder, and prostate cancers. However, in accordance with the existence of many P۶۳ isoforms in malignant tumors, the actions of P۶۳ in these malignancies remain a source of debate. P۶۳ immunohistochemistry expression in CRC tissues is being investigated as a possible etiological link between high-risk HPV types and CRC. This retrospective study intended to investigate if there was an etiological link between high-risk HPV types and CRC. It has utilized ۹۲ chosen formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue block samples. The collected samples were divided into ۶۲ blocks of colorectal adenocarcinoma mass tissues and ۳۰ non-malignant colorectal tissues used as a control group. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was employed to discover HPV DNA۱۶/۱۸ in colorectal tissues. The overall proportion of positive HPV۱۶/۱۸ DNA- CISH detection in the mass CRC group was ۴۴.۴%, whereas HPV۱۶/۱۸ DNA was obtained at ۸۰.۰% in the non-malignant control group. The overall proportion of positive P۶۳-ISH detection in the CRC group was also ۷۰.۴%, whereas P۶۳ was ۷۳.۳% in the non-malignant control group. The link between HPV infection and P۶۳ expression in CRC might point to the importance of these molecules in the progression of CRC.

Chromogenic in situ hybridization, Colorectal cancer, HPV, P۶۳