Assessment of Agaricus Bisporus S-II Extract as a Bio-Controlling Agent against Human Pathogenic Bacterial Species

Agaricus bisporus mushrooms are well known for their nutritional and medicinal values. A. bisporus is a source of protein (about ۴۰% on a dry basis), ergosterol, several minerals, carbohydrate, and fat. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. bisporus S-II extracts on human pathogenic bacteria in-vitro condition. Totally, three human pathogenic bacterial strains (MTCC culture type) were procured from the Institute of Microbial Technology, India. Out of these three bacterial strains, one was Gram-negative (namely P. aeruginosa MTCC۷۴۱), and the other two were Gram-positive (B. cereus MTCC۹۷۸۶ and S. aureus MTCC۷۴۰). Microdilution assay was applied for the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in methanol extract (۲۶.۵%) against S. aureus MTCC۷۴۰, compared to ethanol extract (۱۷%). Similar results were obtained for P. aeruginosa MTCC۷۴۱ (۲۱.۸%) and B. cereus MTCC۹۷۸۶ (۱۵%) in methanol extract. Least microbial growth inhibition observed for B. cereus MTCC۹۷۸۶ (۱۳.۸۲%) followed by P. aeruginosa MTCC۷۴۱ (۱۴%), compared to control in ethanol extract. The highest antimicrobial activity up to ۱۷% with ethanolic extracts recorded against S. aureus MTCC۷۴۰. The MIC results in microtitre plates showed the growth inhibition of P. aeruginosa MTCC۷۴۱ and S. aureus MTCC۷۴۰ at extract concentrations of ۱۵ mg/ml and ۲۰ mg/ml, respectively. However, no MIC detected for B. cereus MTCC۹۷۸۶ below ۲۰ mg/ml extract concentration. Regarding minimum bactericidal concentration, the bactericidal value for P. aeruginosa MTCC۷۴۱ and S. aureus MTCC۷۴۰ was obtained at ۱۰ mg/ml concentration. The present study indicated that the extracts of the A. bisporus S-II mushrooms had promising antimicrobial activities against the tested organisms.

Keywords:

Antibacterial , Bacillus cereus , Button Mushroom , Human pathogens , Mushroom extract