Mehdi Behkar - PHD Candidate, Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Mojtaba Eizadi - Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran.
Saeid Sedaghaty - Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Yaser Kazemzadeh - Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Motahareh Moslehi - Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: Apart from hormonal factors and oxidative stress, insulin synthesis is strongly dependent on transcription factors in the pancreas. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on genes affecting insulin synthesis in diabetic obese rats. Materials and Methods: Type ۲ diabetes (T۲D) was induced by a ۶-week high-fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (۲۵ mg /kg) in ۱۴ male Wistar rats (۱۰ week old, ۲۲۰±۱۰ g). Rats with fasting glucose levels between ۴۰۰ and ۱۵۰ were considered T۲D. The diabetic rats were randomly assigned to exercise (HIIT: ۶ weeks/۵ sessions weekly, n= ۷) or control (n= ۷) groups. Forty-eight hours after the intervention, fasting GLP-۱R and PKBα gene expression in pancreatic tissue and plasma insulin and glucose levels were compared between the groups. Data were compared by independent t-test used to compare variables, version ۲۲ between groups. A P< ۰.۰۵ was considered significant. Results: HIIT led to significant increase in PKBα gene expression (P: ۰.۰۰۱) and insulin (P: ۰.۰۳۱) and decreases in glucose concentration (P: ۰.۰۰۱) compared with the control group. No change was observed in the GLP-۱R gene expression response to HIIT (P: ۰.۰۹۳). Conclusion: HIIT is associated with increased serum insulin levels in T۲D obese rats. Despite no change in GLP-۱R, this improvement is probably rooted in increased expression PKBα in pancreas in response to this type of exercise training.

GLP-۱R, PKBα, High fat diet, High intensity interval training, Diabetes