Hamid Aghajani - Member of the academic staff of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology
Soheyla Vaziri Talesh - Ph.D. student of Persian language and literature, Bu-Ali Sina University

Homer's epic poem, the Odyssey, serves as an enduring testament to the cultural significance of hospitality, encapsulated in the ancient Greek concept of xenia. This study explores why hospitality is culturally significant in shaping the lifestyle of Homeric characters, unraveling the intricate web of customs, values, and consequences associated with this practice. Set in the Heroic Age of ancient Greece, the Odyssey follows the hero Odysseus on his arduous journey home to Ithaca after the fall of Troy. Xenia, the sacred code of hospitality, is a central theme that permeates the narrative. Through Odysseus' encounters with various hosts and guests, the cultural context of ancient Greece during Homer's time comes to life. Xenia is more than a social custom; it embodies a complex system of moral and ethical values. The practice of xenia demands respect, generosity, trust, reciprocity, and adherence to traditions. It is both a duty and a privilege, a reflection of the enduring cultural values of ancient Greece. The gods and goddesses, integral to the narrative, enforce the principles of xenia through divine intervention. Their involvement highlights the belief in the divine's active role in human affairs and underscores the consequences of breaching hospitality. As characters such as Odysseus, Telemachus, Penelope, and the suitors navigate the challenges of xenia, their experiences lead to significant transformations, reflecting moral and personal growth. Xenia is also a foundation for alliances and friendships, and its breach leads to conflicts and divine justice

Xenia, Hospitality, Odyssey, Cultural significance, Ancient Greece