Masoud Rabieian - Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
Farhad Qaderi - Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

Offshore produced water (OPW), a type of wastewater rich in hazardous compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), requires effective treatment. This study presents a novel methodology utilizing TiO۲ nanoparticles, ultraviolet (UV) lamps, and ozonation for the degradation of phenanthrene (PHE) from OPW. Various factors including UV lamp power (۱۰W-۵۰W), ozone dose (۰.۱ mg/L-۰.۵ mg/L), TiO۲ concentration (۰.۵ g/m²-۲.۱ g/m²), ethanol fraction (۲۵%-۸۵%), pH (۴.۵-۱۰.۵), PHE initial concentration (۵ mg/L-۲۵ mg/L), and treatment time (۱۵ min-۴۵ min) were systematically investigated to understand their impact on PAH degradation in the OPW. The study employs Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for modeling and optimizing PHE removal efficiency. The results contribute to the development of a mathematical model, and through optimization, optimal conditions are proposed to maximize PHE removal efficiency. Experimental implementation of the optimized conditions in a physical model resulted in an impressive ۹۸% PHE removal efficiency. The identified optimal conditions include UV lamp power of ۴۰ W, ozone dose of ۰.۵ mg/L, TiO۲ concentration of ۲ g/m², ethanol fraction of ۲۵%, pH of ۵.۲, initial PHE concentration of ۱۵ mg/L, and a treatment time of ۴۰ min. This optimized approach provides valuable insights for efficient and environmentally friendly treatment of PAHs in OPW, emphasizing on the potential for practical application in soil washing effluent treatment.

Photocatalytic Ozonation, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Offshore Produced Water (OPW), Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-, Environmental Sustainability