- - - MSc, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- - - PhD, Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- - - PhD, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- - - PhD, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- - - PhD, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- - - MSc, Department of Medical Physics Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- - - PhD, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- - - MSc, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

Background: Some evidence shows that a pre-exposure to RF can mitigate the effects of subsequent exposures to high doses of ionizing radiation.Objective: We aimed to assess the effect of a pre-exposure to non-ionizing RF radiation on survival, weight changes, food consumption, and water intake of lethally irradiated rats.Material and Methods: In this case-control study, we used a commercial mobile phone (GSM, ۹۰۰/۱۸۰۰ MHz) as well as a ۲.۴ GHz Wi-Fi router as the sources of pre-exposure to RF radiation. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into six groups of control, “۸ Gy X-rays”, mobile phone, “mobile phone+۸ Gy”, Wi-Fi, and “Wi-Fi+۸ Gy”. Then, the survival fraction, weight loss, water, and food consumption changes were compared in different groups.Results: The survival analysis indicated that the survival rates in all of the exposed animals (“۸ Gy X-rays”, “mobile phone+۸ Gy”, “Wi-Fi+۸ Gy”) were significantly lower than the control, “Wi-Fi”, and “mobile phone” groups. The changes in survival rates of “mobile+۸ Gy”, “Wi-Fi+۸ Gy”, and ۸ Gy alone were not statistically significant. However, food and water intake were significantly affected by exposure to both RF pre-exposures and exposure to high dose ionizing radiation. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the existence of a dose window for the induction of AR can be the cause of the lack of AR in our experiment. Our findings confirm that in a similar pattern with the adaptive responses induced by pre-exposure to ionizing radiation, the induction of adaptive response by RF-pre-exposures requires a minimum level of damage to trigger adaptive phenomena.

Radiofrequency Radiation (RF), Radioadaptive Response, Cell Phone, Electromagnetic Radiation, Survival analysis