Pooya mosayebi - Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Issa Layali - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Ali Haj Molla Ali Kani - Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Armina aghazadeh - Department of microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

The DNA editing technique CRISPR has sparked a renewed interest in gene therapy. Delivering CRISPR efficiently is still a difficulty, though. Liposomes are promising because they help with endosomal escape and trigger-regulated cargo release. Precise genetic alterations in cells and tissues are made possible by the combination of CRISPR and liposomes. Immune cell enhancement and genetic mutation correction are two examples of applications. Liposome- based CRISPR provides a useful instrument for effective genomic changes and may lead to subsequent developments. Liposomes are extensively studied as carriers for CRISPR/Cas۹ delivery. The surface properties of liposomes, such as surface charge, PEGylation, and ligand modification, have a significant impact on gene silencing efficiency. The barriers of systemic CRISPR/Cas۹ delivery, including blood circulation, tumor penetration, and cellular uptake/endosomal escape, are analyzed using liposomes with different surface charges, PEGylations, and ligand modifications. Cationic formulations are dominant, neutral formulations perform well, and anionic formulations are generally not suitable for CRISPR/Cas۹ delivery. The achievements, existing problems, and future perspectives in liposomal CRISPR/Cas۹ delivery are summarized.

bio cargo, liposome, CRISPR, lipid, gene editing