Arvind Swarnkar - Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, P.O. Box ۴۹۲۰۱۰, Chhattisgarh, India
Samir Bajpai - Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, P.O. Box ۴۹۲۰۱۰, Chhattisgarh, India
Ishtiyaq Ahmad - Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, P.O. Box ۴۹۲۰۱۰, Chhattisgarh, India

The quality of groundwater (GW) depends on its surrounding environment, such as population, drains, ponds, and industries. This study evaluated the improvement of wastewater (WW) quality due to the wetland and ponds in the Amanaka, Raipur region of Chhattisgarh, India, and their impact on GW. Water samples were taken at four different locations to measure physicochemical parameters: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD۵), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), nitrate nitrogen (NN), and total phosphorus (TP). The removal efficiency (RE) obtained through the wetland was ۵۰.۰% for BOD۵, ۸۷.۹% for COD, ۷۱.۴% for TKN, ۸۷.۲% for NN, and ۵۶.۵% for TP from the influent. The obtained RE from the wetland to the pond was ۷۲.۶% for BOD۵, ۴۰.۰% for COD, and ۸۹.۶% for TP during the pre-monsoon. According to the findings, GW quality was good, even though ponds, wetlands, and some small-scale industries surround it. The government should also monitor landfills, home garbage, and agricultural activities for sustained GW quality. All borewell water is drinkable.

Wetland, Wastewater, pond, Borewell, Groundwater, Water Quality