Issa Layali - Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran MedicalSciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Parinaz Bak Mohammadi - Bachelor’s student, Microbiology group, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran MedicalSciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between fat metabolism and physical activity,focusing on the multifaceted impact of regular exercise on body metabolism. Athletes, characterized by distinctmetabolic differences across various sports disciplines, serve as a focal point for understanding these intricatedynamics. Examining the interplay between carbohydrates and fats during exercise reveals a complex landscapegoverned by factors such as duration, intensity, and environmental conditions. The enduring effects of postexerciselipolysis on energy balance for up to ۲۴ hours after moderate-intensity endurance exercise underscorethe sustained metabolic impact of physical activity. The exploration of fat metabolism within the context ofexercise intensity, endurance training, and environmental conditions sheds light on a multifaceted relationshipsignificantly impacting the body's energy dynamics and cardiovascular health. Despite recent challenges inclinical trials targeting HDL-C levels, the positive impact of exercise on HDL subclasses and functions underscoresthe holistic benefits of regular physical activity. This review contributes valuable insights into how exercise andendurance training influence the utilization of fats as an energy source, unraveling adaptations in lipid profiles,lipolysis, and substrate oxidation. The observed implications highlight the profound effects of physical activity oncardiovascular health and overall metabolic homeostasis, paving the way for optimized exercise regimens andimproved well-being.

Metabolism, Exercise, Fat, Metabolic