Fahimeh Shokrani - Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Jalal Jalilian - Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Alireza Pirzad - Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Esmaeil Rezaei- Chiyaneh - Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

Intercropping and biofertilizers are the effective components of sustainable agriculture that improve the yield quality and quantity of the plants. A two-year factorial field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on yield, yield components and some physiological aspects of intercropping of rain-fed chickpea and dragon's head. The first factor included five intercropping patterns that were sole cropping chickpea (۳۰ and ۴۰ plant m-۲), dragon's head (۱۶۰ plant m-۲) and additive intercropping of both plants. The second factor was the use and non-use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus lentus and Pseudomonas putida). The results indicated that sole cropping of ۳۰ plants m-۲ of chickpea and ۱۶۰ plants m-۲ of dragon's head had the maximum of ۱۰۰۰-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index with PSB inoculation. In both plants, the highest leaf nitrogen (۲.۹۷ and ۲.۷۶%), total soluble carbohydrates (۱.۱۲ and ۱.۴۷ mg g-۱ fresh leaf) and chlorophyll (۳.۴۲ and ۲.۹۴ mg g-۱ fresh leaf) obtained from intercropping of dragon's head+۳۰ plant m-۲ of chickpea inoculated with PSB. The maximum values of LER (>۱) for PSB-inoculated (۱.۷۲) and non- PSB (۱.۶۶) were observed in dragon's head +۳۰ plant m-۲ of chickpea intercropping of. In general, intercropping of dragon's head-chickpea increased yield and yield components resulted in higher land use efficiency.

Chlorophyll, Harvest index, Land equivalent ratio, Plant Nutrients, Proline, Chlorophyll, Harvest index, Land equivalent ratio, Plant Nutrients, Proline