Attachment, Relational-Needs, and Psychotherapeutic Presence

Humans require the contactful presence of another person who is attuned and responsive to relational-needs. Insecure attachment patterns are the result of repeated disruptions in significant relationships. This article describes eight relational-needs that, when repeatedly unsatisfied, lead to insecure attachment patterns based on the fears of loss of relationship, vulnerability, violation, and invasion.The healing of insecure attachment patterns occurs through a contactful psychotherapeutic presence that occurs when the attitude, behavior and communication of the psychotherapist consistently respects and enhances the client's integrity while responding to relational-needs. The article is the Keynote Address given at the ۵th International Integrative Psychotherapy Association Conference in Vichy, France, April ۲۱, ۲۰۱۱.

Keywords:

attachment theory , relational needs , psychotherapeutic presence , insecure attachment