لیلا غفارزاده - 1 Department of Political Science and International Relations, Islamic Azad University Research and Science branch, Tehran, Iran
- 2 Associate Professor of International Relations at the Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
- Associate Professor of Political Sciences at the Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

recent years, we have witnessed China's economic and military growth. China's overarching strategy consistently emphasizes policies aimed at transforming into a global power. Initially, China's policies revolved around devaluing the regional order established by the United States. Secondly, China aimed to shape a new regional order, gain power in the region, and pursue expansionist policies, challenging the influence of the United States. China's efforts to disrupt the military and economic power balance led to a strain in U.S.-China relations, eventually culminating in the onset of a trade war in 2018. With the commencement of the trade war, the future of political and economic relations between China and the United States became shrouded in uncertainty. China not only needs to seek alternative consumer markets but also has to strengthen its political, economic, and military in the region. It also has to ensure its energy security and reinforce its Belt and Road Initiative. Therefore, one might ponder whether, amid the strained relations between China and the United States, Iran and China will establish stronger reciprocal relationship. Applying an explanatory-analytical approach and utilising the framework of structural realism, this paper posits that given the escalation of USA-China tensions amidst trade war, the political, economic, and military similarities and needs between Iran and China can play a significant role in shaping a coalition between the two countries. Iran can leverage China's support to enhance its position in the world order, while China, in turn, can utilise Iran for energy security, advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, and as a force to counteract U.S. expansionism policies in the region.

Trade War; United States of America; China; Iran; Political Economy.