The objective of this study was to explore the challenges faced by ex-offenders in reintegrating into society. The research aimed to identify the barriers in employment, social integration, psychological well-being, and legal and bureaucratic systems that hinder successful reintegration. The study also sought to highlight supportive factors and potential areas for intervention to facilitate smoother transitions for ex-offenders. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data from ۳۳ ex-offenders who had been released from prison within the past five years. Theoretical saturation was reached after interviewing ۲۵ participants, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the issues. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software to identify key themes and patterns. Ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality, were strictly adhered to throughout the research process. The study identified several major themes regarding the challenges of reintegration. Employment challenges included discrimination by employers, lack of job skills, unstable work history, and limited job opportunities. Social integration issues involved stigmatization, social exclusion, and the need for community and family support. Psychological challenges highlighted mental health issues, coping mechanisms, and access to psychological services. Legal and bureaucratic barriers included navigating parole conditions, housing challenges, financial stability, and access to social services. Supportive employment programs and community organizations were found to be crucial in aiding reintegration. The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of the reintegration process for ex-offenders. Addressing employment discrimination, enhancing social support systems, improving access to mental health services, and simplifying legal and bureaucratic processes are essential for successful reintegration. The study highlights the need for comprehensive interventions and policy reforms to support ex-offenders in rebuilding their lives and reducing recidivism, ultimately contributing to a safer and more inclusive society. The objective of this study was to explore the challenges faced by ex-offenders in reintegrating into society. The research aimed to identify the barriers in employment, social integration, psychological well-being, and legal and bureaucratic systems that hinder successful reintegration. The study also sought to highlight supportive factors and potential areas for intervention to facilitate smoother transitions for ex-offenders. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data from ۳۳ ex-offenders who had been released from prison within the past five years. Theoretical saturation was reached after interviewing ۲۵ participants, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the issues. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software to identify key themes and patterns. Ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality, were strictly adhered to throughout the research process. The study identified several major themes regarding the challenges of reintegration. Employment challenges included discrimination by employers, lack of job skills, unstable work history, and limited job opportunities. Social integration issues involved stigmatization, social exclusion, and the need for community and family support. Psychological challenges highlighted mental health issues, coping mechanisms, and access to psychological services. Legal and bureaucratic barriers included navigating parole conditions, housing challenges, financial stability, and access to social services. Supportive employment programs and community organizations were found to be crucial in aiding reintegration. The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of the reintegration process for ex-offenders. Addressing employment discrimination, enhancing social support systems, improving access to mental health services, and simplifying legal and bureaucratic processes are essential for successful reintegration. The study highlights the need for comprehensive interventions and policy reforms to support ex-offenders in rebuilding their lives and reducing recidivism, ultimately contributing to a safer and more inclusive society.

Ex-offenders, reintegration, employment challenges, social integration, mental health, legal barriers, qualitative study, support programs, recidivism, policy reforms