Augusto Vundo - Rovuma University-Faculty of Geosciences- Av. Josina Machel-۲۵۶- Nampula, Mozambique
Estrela Muchiguere - Independent Researcher, Tsukuba-Matsuchiro-۳-۲۴-۱, Japan
Almaz Akhmetov - University of Tsukuba- Institute of Systems and Information Engineering, ۳۰۵-۸۵۷۷, ۱-۱-۱ Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Japan

Background: Variations in temperature and precipitation can cause an increase in vector-borne and water-borne diseases. Situated in a vulnerable geographic area, Mozambique is particularly susceptible to such climate-related incidents, leading to floods and the spread of diseases. In this study, we investigated the changes in temperature and precipitation patterns and their impact on the occurrence of vector-borne and water-borne diseases in Nampula, Mozambique.Methods: We used both intra-annual and inter-annual analysis techniques to identify monthly and yearly trends. Linear regression and ANOVA models were applied to assess the relationship between temperature, precipitation, and the selected vector and water-borne diseases (malaria, diarrhea, and dysentery).Results: The analysis of temperature and precipitation data from ۲۰۰۰ to ۲۰۱۹ revealed an overall positive trend and delayed onset and earlier end of the rainy season, implying changes in the timing and duration of rainfall. The analysis of temperature data over the last ۱۰ years revealed an increase in mean minimum temperature. These findings suggest a changing climate pattern characterized by consistent warming trends. Statistically significant results were obtained for the mean minimum temperature from ۲۰۱۰ to ۲۰۱۹ and the mean precipitation from ۲۰۰۰ to ۲۰۰۹ in relation to diarrhea and dysentery, respectively (P < ۰.۰۵; r = ۰.۷۰ and ۰.۶۴).Conclusion: This study demonstrates a positive correlation between climate variables and malaria, diarrhea, and dysentery.

Temperature, Precipitation, vector-borne, water-borne, Diseases