Alireza GHAFOURI - Maître-assistant au Département de français, Branche de Mashhad, Université Azad Islamique, Mashhad, Iran.
shima tahmassebi - Doctorante au Département de français, Branche de Mashhad, Université Azad Islamique, Mashhad, Iran.
Sadi Jafari Kardgar - Maître assistant au Département de français, Branche de Mashhad, Université Azad Islamique, Mashhad, Iran.

Michel Houellebecq describes an intense and visible reflection on contemporary society and the human condition. In his novels he uses the technique of literary paradox and expressing his opinions without any consideration or limitation, he is often considered a pessimistic writer. He describes his contemporaries carefully and frankly, and allows himself to formulate a strong and unequivocal critique of the state of the world. As a sociologist, Houellebecq strives to understand and depict modern society. His novels focus on contemporary society, a society in which it seems difficult to objectify human relationships, and where the person has become asocial and isolated, and is no longer able to communicate with others. The aim of his novels is to reveal the considerable problems of ۲۱st century society through novels that show the insensitivity and alienation of people and which depict contemporary man as if he were imprisoned in his own mind. The objective of the present article is to analyze the influence of Schopenhauer's philosophy on the work of Michel Houellebecq following the method of intertextual analysis with emphasis on the idea of human suffering in Schopenhauer and Houellebecq.

Michel Houellebecq, Arthur Schopenhauer, bonheur, souffrance, individualité