Optimizing Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Irrigation to Introduce the Optimum Genotype for Grain Yield and Quality Promotion

Utilizing new irrigation techniques to introduce cultivars into paddy fields experiencing water scarcity is one way to combat water shortage and increase water productivity. To this end, this experiment was conducted as a strip plot in a randomized complete block design with three independent replications over two years (۲۰۱۶ and ۲۰۱۷) at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran. Ten rice genotypes (V۱ to V۱۰) were subjected to three types of irrigation systems, including conventional Flood Irrigation (FI) and Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) at ۱۰ (AWD۱۰) and ۲۰ (AWD۲۰) cm below the soil surface. These results demonstrate that AWD۱۰ and AWD۲۰ methods reduced water consumption by ۲۰ and ۱۷%, respectively, compared to the conventional methods. This decreased water usage resulted in ۱.۴ and ۰.۲% yield losses compared to the conventional flood irrigation system. Moreover, milling recovery in flood irrigation (۶۸.۷%) was lower than AWD۱۰ and AWD۲۰ methods (۶۹.۶ and ۶۹.۸%, respectively). In conclusion, Neda, Shiroodi, and ۸۶۱۱ rice genotypes showed a better response to AWD irrigation, and may be considered as suitable genotypes for increasing water productivity in paddy fields.

Keywords:

Irrigation management , Photosynthetic characteristics , Rice grain yield.