Application of nanostructured membranes in fuel cells (Technologies and applications)

Fossil fuel resources are believed to be exhaustible and are also the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the primary energy supply of the world. This research is focused on the application of nanotechnology in the exploitation of renewable energy sources and related technologies such as hydrogen production, solar cells, geothermal, and biofuel. Recently, nanotechnology has received a lot of attention and expectations not only in the academic community but also among investors, scientists, and researchers in both the government sector and industry. Its unique ability to make new structures at the atomic scale has already produced new materials and devices with many potential applications in a large number of fields. The use of nanotechnology increases the rate of heat transfer in photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems and modifies PV structures that can improve its performance, make fuel cells more cost-effective, and the performance of the biofuel industry through the use of Nanocatalysts production. Materials with high durability and less weight for the wind industry. Nanotechnology is well used in the development and performance improvement of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Fuel cells are expected to soon become a source of low-to-zero energy production for portable technology applications and electric vehicles. With the possibility of developing high-quality solid electrolytes and producing smaller fuel cells, significant progress has been made in the development of fuel cell membranes using nanotechnology. Nanostructures are known as critical elements to improve the performance of fuel cell membranes.

Keywords:

Fuel cells , solid electrolyte , nanostructured membrane , renewable energies , fossil fuels , biofuel