Pyrolysis and the circular economy: Challenges and opportunities

The transition to a circular economy represents a systemic shift that builds long-term resilience, generates business and economic opportunities, and provides environmental and societal benefits. As part of this transition, the role and potential of pyrolysis, a thermochemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen, are gaining increasing attention. Pyrolysis can convert waste materials into useful products, such as bio-oil, syngas, and biochar, contributing significantly to the concept of a circular economy. However, despite its potential, the integration of pyrolysis into the circular economy is fraught with challenges, including technological constraints, economic feasibility, and environmental impact. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the role of pyrolysis in the circular economy, its potential benefits, and the challenges it poses. It highlights the necessity for further research and technological innovation to overcome these challenges and maximize the potential of pyrolysis. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the need for a holistic approach, considering not only the technical aspects but also the social, economic, and environmental implications of integrating pyrolysis into the circular economy. Through a critical analysis of current practices, potential innovations, and future trajectories, the paper contributes to the ongoing dialogue on sustainability, waste management, and the circular economy.

Keywords:

Circular Economy , Pyrolysis , Sustainability , Waste Management , Environmental Impact