Program Evaluation of the Clinical Education Based on Four-Component Instructional Design (۴C/ID) Model

Background: Clinical education is a key step in medical education. The study aimed to evaluate clinical education in undergraduate medical education programs based on the Four-Component Instructional Design (۴C/ID) model. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in ۲۰۲۳-۲۰۲۴. Fifteen departments where medical students studied the clerkship and internship courses were evaluated. An evaluation checklist was used including four domains, ۲۳ questions, and ۱۰۰ items. The evaluation was implemented in three steps including "Preparation of evaluation", "Execution of evaluation" and "Preparation of evaluation report and application of results". Data were analyzed using descriptive tests (mean, standard deviation, SD, and frequency). Results: The findings showed that the status of the departments in the "educational goals and learning tasks" domain in the clerkship and internship courses were ۴۸.۳۳ and ۴۹.۲۶, which achieved the highest level of compliance. The lowest compliance reported in the domain of "practice opportunities" was ۱۴.۳۰ and ۱۵.۷۷ in the clerkship and internship courses. The compliance in the domain of "procedural information in educational events" in the clerkship courses was ۳۳.۱۵ and in the internship courses was ۳۶.۱۷ and in the domain of "supportive information" in the clerkship courses was ۲۴.۳۶ and internship was ۲۳.۴۶, indicating a medium to a low level of compliance. Conclusion: Clinical learning is recognized as a complex learning, which requires supportive information and practice opportunities for learning. The results showed that lower compliance was reported in the domains of "practice opportunities" and "supportive information" in the educational department clerkship and internships. Therefore, it is recommended to plan for the development of support resources on various platforms. It also requires an appropriate educational design to deliver practice opportunities in simulation and workplace environments in undergraduate medical education.

Keywords:

Program Evaluation , Internship , ۴C/ID , Four-Component Instructional Design , Clinical Education