Phasor measurement placement for wide area fault location considering measurement redundancy

This paper proposes a method in wide area fault location with the consideration of full monitoring in normal conditions and measurement reliability. A new algorithm for placing phasor measurement units with full measurement reliability is introduced and an algorithm for fault locating problem is proposed for the introduced set of unit placement. Another fault locating algorithm is also presented when one of the current transformers get into saturated mode. Particle swarm optimization is being used for minimizing the target functions for phasor measurement placement. The placement approach is being implemented in IEEE 14, 24, 30, 39 and 57 bus test systems. Also the error percentages of the proposed fault locating algorithm have been derived for 14 bus test system in some states. The results indicate that the proposed approach works efficiently with appropriate error percentages and reduced numbers of measurement units. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is simplicity and great accuracy and considering current transformer saturation

Keywords:

fault location , CT saturation , PMU placement , measurement reliability , PSO optimization