G. A. Sheikhzadeh - Associate professor of Mechanical Engineering, Kashan University
Reza Dehghani Yazdeli - MSc of Mechanical Engineering, Kashan University,
Mahdi Soozanian Kashani - MSc of Metallurgical Engineering, Kashan Copper World Company

Among the current industrial processes, the process of the copper converting is very important. This is due to the different applications of copper in the industry. In one of intermediate stages of copper converting, the gas is injected to the molten copper in order to remove the impurities and enhance the copper purity. This action is performed within the copper converters. Despite the essential role of the gas injection, it also causes some unfavorable phenomena. These phenomena can be considered from the energy and environmental viewpoints. To obtain the sufficient mixing in the current copper converters, high amount of the gas is consumed. Besides, during the mentioned process some poisonous gases are released that can create environmental problems. Therefore, investigating the copper converters seems to be important in order to reduce the resulting undesired effects. In the recent years, a number of studies have been carried out on the copper converters. The aim of the present study is to investigate the copper converters as well as the essential parameters having an important role on their performance. Furthermore, the pervious works done in this field are surveyed.

Copper converter, Gas injection, Mixing, Energy, Environmental problems