m.a umaru - Corresponding author: Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
j.b adeyanju - Department of Veterinary Surgery,
h.s garba - Department of Veterinary Medicine,
e.o oyedipe - Formerly of the National Animal Production Research Institute, (NAPRI), Zaria,

In this study a series of surgical demonstrations were carried out to compare between three approaches to the recovery and transfer of caprine embryos in the Red sokoto Doe (RSD). Attemptswere made to surgically demonstrate ease or difficulty to access, manipulate flush, recover, or transfer embryos from or into thegenital tract. It was found that the Ventral Midline Approach (VMA) and the Para lumbar flank Approach (PFA)do not give ready access tothe genitalia nor do they provide ease for manipulation for recovery and transfer as does a modification of the ventral midlineapproach(Modified Mid Ventral Approach; MMVA). Measurements were also taken to compare distances from skin incisions to locationson the genitalia in the three approaches. Proximity suggests ease ofaccess. The distance of the uterine horns and the uterine tubes from the skin incisions were found to be 13.5cm ± 3.66, 12.5 ± 1.86 cm and11.5 ± 3.45 cm in the Para lumbar approach, ventral midline approach and the Modified ventral Midline Approach respectively. Accesibility and ease of manipulation appears to be restricted in the paralumbar approach, it is easier with the ventral midline appeoach, however, accesbility and ease of manipulation was observed with the modification of the Ventral Midline Approach. The findings were discussed in the paper.

Embryo transfer , Embryo recovery , Red Sokoto goat , surgical approach , Ventral midline , Paralumbar flank approach , Modified mid ventral approach