Evaluation of α-bisabolol oxide and α-Bisabolol diversity of yarrow (Matricaria chamomilla L.) in Arasbaran region

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a annual plant of the family Asteraceae, with a great importance in the cosmetics industry, pharmacy and health. Since environmental factors cause changes in quantity and quality of plant, studying qualitative properties of essential oils of indigenous medicinal plant populations can be led to identify suitable habitat of medicinal plants. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to α-bisabolol oxide and α-Bisabolol of German chamomile populations at different heights in three different sites of Kaleibarchai, Hajilarchai and Mrdanqum areas, Arasbaran region. Essential oil was obtained using Clevenger and GC/MS was used to determine percentage and composition of the essential oil compounds. Major compounds of chamomile essential oil were α-bisabolol oxide and α-Bisabolol. Results of phytochemical studies also showed that the maximum amount of active ingredients of essential oil (α-bisabolol oxide 21/1% and α-Bisabolol 8/3%) was observed in Mardanqum basinis.