Sobhan Roshanfekr Jourshari - M.Sc. Student, Department of Art and Architecture, Ajabshir Branch; Islamic Azad University, Ajabshir, Iran
Nasim Najafgholi Pour Kalantari - PhD. Student, Young Researchers And Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University،Tabriz ،Iran
Sobhan Mohammad Zahraei - M.Sc. Student, Department of Art and Architecture, Ajabshir Branch; Islamic Azad University, Ajabshir, Iran

Nowadays, increasing number of urban population, lack of resources and focusing on cities have caused energy supply to be more difficult and expensive, considering increased energy consumption. This is while, more than 40% of supplied energy is consumed at buildings and human life depends on it. The issue becomes more important, when human life is endangered with lack of energy at the time of crisis. Passive defense measures are taken to reduce vulnerability, financial losses and causalities during crisis, not by taking military acts, only with employment of some technical and management activities. Hence strategies such as employment of smart materials can be used to prevent or minimize consequences of disasters such as flood, earthquake and war. In fact, sustainable building with passive defense can be designed in a way that is needless of operator or the person to supply energy, rather the it can supply needed energy easily at such design method. Moreover principles of sustainable architecture used in such buildings should meet the needs of residents. In other words, such buildings should bring highest comfort to their residents with lowest costs and at the time of crisis they should be able to operate independently to meet energy needs of residents without presence of operator. Hence the aim of present study, which used library method to collect data, is to introduce smart materials which help to establish sustainable buildings to achieve passive defense strategy.

sustainable, passive defense, smart, building