Extraction and identification of seed and fruit fatty acids of Crataegus aminii khatamsaz extract by ultrasonic and soxhlet and optimization with chemometric design

Crataegus aminii khatamsaz is one of howthorn species from medicinal plants that belonging to the Rosaceae family. Generally imported in herbal products because of analgesic effects, vascular protective, lowering blood pressure. Purpose of this study is investigation and comparison of seed and fruit fatty acids of C.aminii using by soxhlet and ultrasonic. Using of ultrasonic has benefits like energy saving, temperature reduction, organic solvent volume reduction, increase the high productivity. Early, before starting the experiment, the best organic solvent selected among of chloroform, ethanol, methanol, n-hexan. Due to experiments methanol was the best solvent for oil extraction from seed and fruit. Then considering the parameters affecting the extraction included temperature, time, ratio of solvent volume to sample weight, a series of experiment done by Statgraphics software with Box Behnken Design (BBD) that after testing the optimum condition for extraction were determined. Then on reached optimum conditions seed and fruit of C.aminii was extracted with ultrasonic. As it extraction was done by soxhlet. Extracted oil in optimum conditions was injected to GC-MS. The yield of extracted oil with two method was calculated. Due to results and benefits of ultrasonic, this method is suitable alternative for old methods like soxhlet and it is economical. The main component of ultrasonic extracted seed oil included α-linoleic acid (29.81%), stearic acid (26.52%), palmitoleic acid (43.67%), for seed and palmitic acid (86.55%) and Linoleic acid (13.45%) for fruit oil.

Keywords:

C.aminii , statgraphics , BBD , Ultrasonic , GC-MS , fatty acid , palmetic acid