r Arabi - Islamic Azad University, Khomein Branch, Department of Architecture, Khomein, Iran.Corresponding author; Islamic Azad University, Khomein Branch, Department of Architecture, Khomein, Iran

It has been proved that urbanization and urban development has a significant effect on climate. Urban climate is totally different from the suburbs. Manipulation in urban areas intensifies this effect or alleviates it. This paper reviews the previous reports and papers on these effects concisely. A set of international studies prove that urban alteration has a significant impact on energy usage in buildings. Precise studies on this issue are being performed in scientific communities all over the world which have been addressed in this paper. Nowadays, researchers and governors are interested in decreasing the negative effects of overheated summers. Summer urban heat island in Iran leads to more heat strokes, heat exhaustions and building cooling demand. On the contrary, Urban Heat Island (UHI) results in less building heating demand, less frostbite and cold weather related diseases. Therefore, during the urban planning process, the related issues with urban climate must be considered.

Urban heat island (UHI) , Mitigation strategies , Human health , Modification scale