Reza Kiani - Supervisor of Inspection and Supervision Department, Medical Records’ Center, Social Security Organization, Isfahan

Background: The science of demography is very new in Iran, as its introduction to Iran and the start of demographic investigations goes back to half a century ago. Because of its importance and effects, it seems now, that the time is ripe that special attention should be paid for the capacities of this science in medium and long term planning and decision making.Fertility is one of the essential subjects dealt by demography, as the survival and continuation of the population have their roots in it. The importance of fertility for demographer is to that extent that they consider it as one of the four vital events and since it directly affects the increase and decrease of population, therefore, fertility is regarded the important factor in population changes.The purpose of the present research is to examine undesirable consequences of uncontrolled fertilities and their negative effects on the economic growth of Iran.A study of Iranian age pyramid of population explicitly indicates that the trend of fertility is entangled in a state of disequilibrium and unplanned for years, so that, during 7711-71 years, child bearing had its highest record in the history of the population of Iran, which caused an average rate of 9.7 percent yearly growth. The most important outcome was an increase in age group of 0-4 years in these years. After this period, the economic and social crisis in one hand and governments awareness of family planning on the other hand, caused a decline in the fertility trend. This ultimately created an inflationary age group continuously ascending in the age pyramid

population, fertility, family planning, adolescence of population, ageing of population, economic growth, demography