Mansor akbari - Department of Applied chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, Urmia university, Urmia
Seyed Ali Hosseini - Department of Applied chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, Urmia university, Urmia

Biodiesel production is undergoing rapid technological reforms in industries and academia. This has become more obvious and relevant since the recent increase in the petroleum prices and the growing awareness relating to the environmental consequences of the fuel over dependency. In this paper, various technological methods to produce biodiesel being used in industries and academia are reviewed. Catalytic trans esterification, the most common method in the production of biofuel, is emphasized in the review. The two most common types of catalysts; homogeneous liquids and heterogeneous solids, are discussed at length in the paper. Two types of processes; batch and continuous processes, are also presented. Although batch production of biodiesel is favored over continuous process in many laboratory and larger scale efforts, the latter is expected to gain wider acceptance in the near future, considering its added advantages associated with higher production capacity and lower operating costs to ensure long term supply of biodiesel.

Trans esterification; Heterogeneous catalyst; layered double hydroxides; Biodiesel