Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs): State of the art Review of Literature

Introduction: One of the major advances in medical practice and healthcare is toincorporate decision support systems (DSS) in such practices to assist healthcare staff.The present study aimed to make a general understanding framework about the stateof the art of the clinical decision support systems (CDSS).Methods: The design of this was a systematic review. According to the researchkeywords (decision, decision-making, clinical decision, clinical decision-making,decision support, decision support system, clinical decision support system), Persianand English papers and scientific literature in scientific data bases include Simorgh,MagIran, and SID for Persian, as well as Science Direct, Google Scholar, GooglePatent, Wikipedia, PubMed, Sage, and Springer for English resources were searched.At the end, among 1247 papers, 27 papers were selected regarding the inclusioncriteria. Delphi method was implemented to construct the final format of the resultsreport. The method of the data analysis were librarian and content analysis.Results: Two main definitions of CDSS, 13 popular CDSSs, major aims of usage,practical and theoretical benefits, principal methods of decision support, three majorclassifications, medical/clinical data mining, EBM, and efficacy of CDSS have beenevaluated and discussed.Conclusion: The usage of CDSS in clinical and healthcare settings is increasing. Ithas been shown that the incorporation of CDSS can significantly improve healthoutcome indices. However, authorities shall establish standards and quality controlsystems to evaluate and integrate development and implementation procedures ofCDSS. In addition, future studies would better compare alike CDSS to evaluatecompetitive advantages and concurrent validity of various CDSSs.

Keywords:

Decision Support Systems (DSS) , Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) , Multiple-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) , Multiple-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) , Medical/Clinical Data Mining , Evidence-Based medicine (EBM) , Systematic Review , Delphi Method