Bibliographical Survey on Power System Restoration Difficulties

The problem of restoring power systems after a complete or partial blackout is as old as the power industry itself. Restructuring of the electric power industry, coming at a time when the bulk power systems are operated close to their design limits, is making power systems more vulnerable to potential blackouts, and present new challenges for prompt and effective power system restoration. Restoration of a power system after a system blackout is a difficult task. Since losses to customers and to the industry mount rapidly until service is restored, it is complex, delicate, and time-consuming. Fortunately, these new challenges are coming at a time when new technologies are providing powerful new capabilities in areas such as large scale system analysis, communication and control, data management, and artificial intelligence. This literature survey provides an overview on the topics associated with restoration.

Keywords:

Black start , Power system restoration (PSR) , Restoration tools , Restoration training , Restoration difficulties