Culture in foreign language teaching

In foreign language education, the teaching of culture remains a hotly debated issue. What isculture? What is its relation to language? Which and whose culture should be taught? Whatrole should the learners’ culture play in the acquisition of knowledge of the target culture?How can we avoid essentializing cultures and teaching stereotypes? And how can we developin the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culturenor the target culture, but would make them into cultural mediators in a globalized world? Thispaper explores these issues from the perspective of the large body of research done inAustralia, Europe and the U.S. in the last twenty years. It links the study of culture to the studyof discourse (see, e.g., Kramsch 1993, 1998, 2004) and to the concept of translingual andtranscultural competence proposed by the Modern Language Association (e.g., Kramsch, 2010).Special attention will be given to the unique role that the age-old Persian culture can play infostering the cultural mediators of tomorrow.

Keywords:

culture , discourse , intercultural competence , modernist perspective , postmodernistperspective , foreign language