Azadeh Arjmand Bahar - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Razieh Jalal - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran#Cell and Molecula
Yaser Nikparast - Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
GhorbanAli Asadi - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Amaranthus retroflexus is a species of flowering plant in the Amaranthaceae family whichwas used for a multitude of food and medicinal purposes by many nationalities. In the recentdecade, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted attention due to their unique properties,such as antibacterial and anticancer activities. Green synthesis of AgNPs by plants is thenovel approach. The aim of this study was to biosynthesize AgNPs by aqueous Amaranthusretroflexus extract and investigate their antiproliferative potential in DU145 human prostatecancer cell line. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by a rapid method using Amaranthusretroflexus extract. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD)pattern, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Du145 cells were treated with various concentrations of colloidal AgNPs solution,only leaf extract and/or silver nitrate solution for 48 hours and then cell viability wasdetermined by MTT assay. Also, their influence on the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin wasevaluated. The colloidal AgNPs solution exhibited antiproliferative activity in a concentrationdependentmanner, whereas leaf extract showed proliferative potential. AgNPs solution, leafextract, and silver nitrate solution had no significant effect on doxorubicin cytotoxicity. Thepresent study showed that aqueous Amaranthus retroflexus leaf extract-synthesized AgNPshave antiproliferative activity against human prostate cancer.

Amaranthus retroflexus, Antiproliferative Activity, Doxorubicin, DU145, Greensynthesis, Silver Nanoparticle