A Social Reading of George Orwell’s The Road to Wigan Pier Based on Louise Althusser’s View

Louise Althusser, as a structural Marxist philosopher, put his main emphasis on society; he perceives society as a collection of different forcers that in a complicated and mutual web of patterns of effects influence one and other and all of which can be traced back all to ideology. Hence a cultural production is neither the work of an individual nor economic situation of society. Rather it is the work of conjuncture or complex network of mutual influential socialsystem that compromises a society at a given historical movement. To show this aspect, Althusser borrows the concept of ‗overdetermination‘ from psychoanalysis by which he means the effects of different forces. Also the idea of ‗dominant level‘ in which a level of society has the most power in a given moment of history is introduced by him. In his view society is made of different levels and each of this level is defined as ‗practice‘. Hence as it was mentioned above although economic practice always determines all the others in last instance, everything that happens at the every level of social practice, from political revolutions to literary texts is determined by other levels such as policy, ideology, religion, science and many other factors that all of which is related to ideology. Therefore a literary text contains elements that each represents ideology of life in society. This ideology that appropriates the author is influenced by these elements. Key Words: Ideology, ISA, RSA, Interpellation, Despot and Priest, Misrecognition.