Comparative Study of Presidents Duties and Authorities in Iran, France and U.S law

Considerable part of constitution in different countries encompasses topics like elections, power discrimination,duties and responsibilities of national authorities. In legal view, all of these discussions are explained andanalyzed in basic law. This study tries to comparatively study duties and authorities of presidents in Iran, Franceand United States law. Main purpose of this study is stating commonalities and differences in power of thesecountries authorities considering constitution. Iran s political system as a symbol of divine school, France political system as a symbol of social contract school and U.S political system as most salient instance of powerdifferentiation among world s countries are suitable models for comparative study. Based on authorities delegated by law, France president has the highest authority among three mentioned presidents. Commands issued by France president in exceptional conditions are obligatory for other authorities. He/she has the right of dissolving parliament, commands all military forces and he is head of judicial organization. U.S president is insecond place in this regard. Compared with France president, U.S president has not the right of parliament dissolution. In other legal cases, he/she has the same rights as France president. But Iran president is in third place in this research. In U.S and France, president is the first person in political system. But in Iran s political system in which regulations conform to Islam, first person is Leader and president places after him. The main authorities by which U.S and France presidents impose power throughout the country is delegated to Leader in Iran based on constitution and power scope of president in Iran is limited to government.

Keywords:

basic law , president , duties and responsibilities , France , U.S , comparative study