V.K Gupta - Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, India
V.K. Gupta - Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
H. Sadegh - Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
M. Yari - Department of Chemistry, Safadasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Safadasht, Iran

Ammonium ions wastewater pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. The treatment of ammonium ions is a special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. In recent years, various methods for ammonium ion removal from wastewater have been extensively studied. This paper reviews the current methods that have been used to treat ammonium ion wastewater and evaluates these techniques. These technologies include ion exchange, adsorption, biosorption, wet air oxidation, biofiltration, diffused aeration, nitrification and denitrification methods. About 75 published studies (1979-2015) are reviewed in this paper. It is evident from the literature survey articles that ion exchange, adsorption and biological technology are the most frequently studied for the treatment of ammonium ion wastewater.

Ammonium wastewater, Removal methods, Review, Toxicity, Treatment