Personalize medicine: New epigenetic mechanisms of differentiation umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to neural stem-like cells

Neurodegenerative disorders are great threats to human health, and transplantation of healthy functioning neurons to replace dead neurons is considered to be a viable therapeutic method. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) can proliferate and more attractive candidate also subsequently differentiate into almost all neural cell lineages, but limited by the number of brain tissue donors other cell sources that can transdifferentiate into neural cells, such as umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs), are potentially ideal alternative cell sources. UMSCs is sources of multipotent stem cells can transdifferentiate to neural stem-like cells (uNSCL) under natural or experimentally induced conditions. In this review we assess Epigenetics can be described as a bridge between genotype and phenotype, more important, it provides a powerful tool for regulating key of stem cell development features such cell fate determination, commitment, and differentiation. In new study E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation3 (EID3) directly associates with DNMT3A during transdifferentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to NPC-like cells. These findings indicated a novel mechanism by which EID3 could directly affect DNMT3A; this enzyme possesses dual methylation and demethylation abilities in cells, as well as protein expression of EID3 is high while DNMT3A is very low in UMSCs; and EID3 is low while DNMT3A is high in uNSCL.In conclusion we can say there is a relationship between EID3 and DNMT3A during the process of UMSC to uNSCL transdifferentiation. Furthermore, indicating the need to take multiple factors into account as one seeks to understand transdifferentiation mechanism.

Keywords:

Neurodegenerative , Neural progenitor cells , Epigenetics , umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells