Maryam Ajilian Abbasi - Ibn-e- Sina Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Masumeh Saeidi - Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Gholamreza Khademi - Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Bibi Leila Hoseini - Midwifery M.Sc., Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

Child abuse is a recognized public health and social problem in the worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), child abuse includes all forms of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment and exploitation. Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. In spite of recent national surveys in several low- and middle-income countries, data from many countries are still lacking. Estimates of child maltreatment indicate that nearly a quarter of adults (22.6%) worldwide suffered physical abuse as a child, 36.3% experienced emotional abuse and 16.3% experienced physical neglect, with no significant differences between boys and girls. However, the lifetime prevalence rate of childhood sexual abuse indicates more marked differences by sex – 18% for girls and 7.6% for boys. The lifelong consequences of child maltreatment include impaired physical and mental healthe, poorer school performance, and job and relationship difficulties. Ultimately, child maltreatment can contribute to slowing a country s economic and social development. We conclude that child maltreatment is a widespread, global phenomenon affecting the lives of millions of children all over the world, which is in sharp contrast with the United Nation s Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Child abuse, Child maltreatment, Violence, Worldwide