Common genes involved in breast cancer

Introduction: Cancer is a genetic disorder in which the normal control of cell growth has been lost. Breast cancer is the main cause of death from cancer among women and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. About 5 to 10 percent of breast cancer cases are genetically in nature. In Iran eight thousand people are diagnosed with breast cancer and the prevalence of the disease among women is about 35 cases per hundred thousand people. The purpose of this study was an overview of the genes involved in breast cancer. Review of the literature: In this study, the key words breast cancer, genes involved in breast cancer, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the source of information Pubmed, Google Scholar and Elsevier Science databanks was searched. Conclusion: Totally papers showed that genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to breast cancer. Mutations and changes in genes BRCA1, BRCA2, P53, PTEN, ATM, PIK3CA, C-MYC, ERBB2, C-SRC, CCND1, BCL2 may cause breast cancer. Among the listed genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes mutations are almost half of breast cancers involved. Discussion: Since that genetic factors have a significant impact on cancer, study of polymorphisms of genes involved in breast cancer patients and families with genetic susceptibility to breast cancer is recommended.

Keywords:

breast cancer , genes involved in breast cancer , single nucleotide polymorphisms