Stem Cell therapy and Gene therapy as new therapeutic platforms for Alzheimer therapy

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is known as one important CNS disorders among various populations. Various riskfactors such as age could be associated with pathogenesis of AD. Multiple lines of evidence indicated that avariety of cellular and molecular events such as hyper-phosphorylation of tau (known as an intracellularmicrotubule-associated protein), cleavage of the APP protein, activation of microglia, and Mass neuronal andsynaptic loss. These physiological events could lead to activation/inhibition of a variety of cellular and molecularpathways involved in AD pathogenesis and contribute to progression of this disease. Despite, several efforts inthis landscape, finding of new therapeutic approaches is needed. Among of various therapeutic approaches, genetherapy and cell therapy has been emerged as a new platform for AD therapy. Various studies have demonstratedinvolving many genes in the development of this disease, like NGF, APOE, BACE1, NEP, GDNF, NRF2 andetc. Researchers have been performed up-regulation or down-regulation of genes by using various methods, suchas viral and non-viral vectors, liposomes, exosomes, etc. In addition The utilization of unique properties of stemcells along with genetic alteration could be have better treatment results in AD patients. Nemours studies usedvarious types of stem cells for AD therapy. They showed that various types of stem cells such as neural stemcells (NSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) could be used as an effective therapeutic platform for patients with AD. Here, we highlighted utilizationof various types of stem cells and genes as new therapeutic approaches for patients with AD.

Keywords:

CNS disorders , Alzheimer’s disease , Gene therapy , Stem Cell therapy