Mapping of Natural Hazards for Agricultural Development in Mond  Region Using RS and GIS

Remote sensing techniques are used in various applications including agriculture, forestry, oceanography and environmental studies, etc. This study was carried out using remote sensing techniques, hydrologic historical data and field observation for natural hazard mapping in the Mond river basin. Remote sensing data used are aerial photographs (1955,1965,1994) and satellite images (TM1987, 1991;ETM2001; ASTER2001) whilst the flood prediction is based on the historical data. In order to determine runoff, land use information was derived from the satellite images data and land use maps. Run-off values were used in calculation of peak discharge and bank full discharge. Peak discharge was calculated by the graphical method, whilst the bank full discharge was derived using the slope area method. Flood occurrence was determined by comparing peak discharge values with bank full discharge values. Flooding occurs if the peak discharge exceeds the bank full discharge. In this study, watershed areas and the area that was flooded for specific amount of rainfall were determined using remote sensing techniques. The results that were obtained are encouraging and indicate the potential of using remote sensing techniques with hydrologic historical data and field observation for flood prediction. Flood and drought are two essential problems that hamper development in arid regions. In Baghan and Ghantareh stations hydrometric data is gathered since 1970. Data obtained from these stations is analysed and is combined with RS image analysis results (TMU map) and GIS products (sub basin borders, DEM, slope map, etc.) assist in flood prediction. As salinity is highly detrimental to both fertility of the soil and the environment, assessment of soil salinity, and its various physical factors in a timely, and cost effective manner to reclaim the salt-affected area is one of the prime requirements in the progress and development of the agriculturally dependent countries like Iran. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies are emerging as indispensable tools in the study and mapping this dynamic phenomenon.This study presents a workable methodology with results, obtained through application of RS data and integration of the analysis in to a GIS, to assess soil salinity and its physical constraints. A ground truth survey of the study area was conducted to collect first hand knowledge about the extent of salinity in the area. This research focused on the soil and water quality and flooded area in the plain to map salinity trend and highlight resources of water (fresh & irrigation) for agricultural development.

Keywords:

Agricultural Development , Natural Hazards , Mapping , Mond , RS and GIS