Multi-objective Optimization for Two-echelon Green Routing Problem with Intermediate Depots in Perishable Product Distribution

Multi-echelon distribution systems are common in supply chain design and logistics systems. In the multi-echelon distribution, freight is delivered to the customers through intermediate depots (IDs), instead of using direct shipments. This primarily decreases the cost of logistic operations in the supply chain and consequently the environmental (energy consumption) and social impacts (traffic, noise, etc.) This paper presents a novel mixed integer linear programming model for a two-echelon green capacitatedvehicle routing problem (2E-CVRP) in which environmental issues and service time windows restrictions are considered for perishable goods delivery. To validate the proposed mathematical model, several problems are generated randomly to solve the problem by CPLEX solver considering the exact approach of the 2-constraint method. Finally, Pareto fronts are generated and analyzed in each problem to show the behavior of the objectives against each other.

Keywords:

Two-echelon green routing problem , Intermediate depot , 3-constraint method , Perishable product distribution