Abodolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki - Department of Epidemiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ۵School of Veterinary Medicine
Mohammad Hashemzadeh - Dept of Microbiology, Faculty of medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
Parvin Heidarieh - Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Alborz, Iran
Amar Bouam - Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UMR ۷۲۷۸ Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille-Université, Marseille, France

Background and Aim:Four strains isolated in Iran from pulmonary and soft tissue specimens are proposed as representative a novel mycobacterium species.Methods:Four slowly growing mycobacteria isolates were isolated from the respiratory tract and soft tissue biopsies collected in four unrelated patients in Iran. Conventional phenotypic tests indicated that these four isolates were identical to Mycobacterium lentiflavum while 16S rRNA gene sequencing yielded a unique sequence separated from that of M. lentiflavum. One representative strain AFP-003T was characterized as comprising a 6,121,237-bp chromosome (66.24% guanosine-cytosine content) encoding for 5,758 protein-coding genes, 50 tRNA and one complete rRNA operon.Results:total of 2,876 proteins were found to be associated with the mobilome, including 195 phage proteins. A total of 1,235 proteins were found to be associated with virulence and 96 with toxin/antitoxin systems. The genome of AFP-003T has the genetic potential to produce secondary metabolites, with 39 genes found to be associated with polyketide synthases and non-ribosomal peptide syntases and 11 genes encoding for bacteriocins. Two regions encoding putative prophages and three OriC regions separated by the dnaA gene were predicted. Strain AFP-003T genome exhibits 86% average nucleotide identity with Mycobacterium genavense genome.Conclusion:Genetic and genomic data indicate that strain AFP-003T is representative of a novel Mycobacterium species that we named Mycobacterium ahvazicum, the nineteenth species of the expanding Mycobacterium simiae complex.

Novel species, Mycobacterium ahvazicum, dnaA gene, 16SrRNA