ENDOBRONCHIAL TUBERCULOSIS AND BRONCHIAL ANTHRACOFIBROSIS: A CASE REPORT

Background and Aim:Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as tracheobronchial tree involvement by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is seen in 10 to 40 percent of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. More than 90% of the patients with EBTB have some degree of bronchial stenosis. Bronchial anthracofibrosis is defined in patients without underlying pneumoconiosis and history of smoking, diagnosed by endobronchial endoscopy revealing dark pigmentation (anthracosis) of the bronchial mucosa.Methods:Here we aim to report a 73-year-old woman with fever, persistent cough and hemoptysis, who was finally diagnosed as anthracosis and tuberculosis together.Results:Bronchial anthracofibrosis should be suspected in non-smoker, middle-aged women with history of biomass products exposure and compatible clinical and radiographic features.Conclusion:Due to this report and previous ones, as there is potential association between tuberculosis and anthracosis, bronchoscopic investigation should be done in cases of negative sputum evaluation and also to exclude other diagnoses.

Keywords:

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis , Anthracosis , Bronchoscopy