EVALUATION OF CAUSATIVE BACTERIAL AGENTS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN IMAM KHOMEINI HOSPITAL, SARAB, IRAN

Background and Aim:Urinary Tract Infections(UTI)are one of the most common infections.According to various pathogens in urinary tract infections and different patterns in different parts of the world and their sensitivity to antibiotics due to increasing consumption of antibiotics,antibiotic resistance is increasing. In this study we tried to evaluate epidemiology of UTI causing bacteria and their antibiotic resistance in outpatients.Methods:A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted and urine samples were collected using the mid-stream clean catch method from 100 clinically-suspected cases of urinary tract infections .The samples tested bacteriologically using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for the isolated pathogens using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Urine culture and antibiotic susceptibility to common antibiotics were determined.Results:The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichiacoli(76%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%),S.epidermidis(6%),S.saprophyticus(4%),S.aureus(2%),Pseudomonas(1%)and proteus (1%).E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest percentage of resistance to antibiotics.In the study of antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections, the pathogens were most resistant to quinolones and then to Cotrimoxazole.Of all urinary tract infection pathogens, Klebsiella was resistant to a greater number of antibiotics.Conclusion:This study finding showed that E.coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and the presence of bacterial isolates with very high resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs that in turn leaves the clinicians with very few alternative options of drugs for the treatment of UTIs.As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process, routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be conducted to provide physicians knowledge on the updated andmost effective empirical treatment of UTIs.

Keywords:

Urinary tract infection , Hospital infections , Antibiotic resistance , Epidemiology